Published in Journal of Drug and Alcohol Research
Morphine, used clinically for pain management for its potent analgesic effects, has a high abuse potential. In this study, we utilized the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm and tail-flick latency to examine the effects of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on sensitivity to morphine. Rats were pretreated with either LPS (250 μg/kg) or...
Published in Journal of Drug and Alcohol Research
Background. Proximal and distal social stimulation increase ethanol drinking in humans. Purpose. Our study evaluated the effects of proximal and distal social stimulation on home-cage ethanol drinking in mice. Study design. Proximal cagemate drinking (PCD) procedures use a clear plastic barrier to separate the drinker mouse from the proximal cagema...
Published in Journal of Drug and Alcohol Research
Study design. The protective effects of the natural antiox-idant caffeic acid (CA) on behavioral tasks and lipid peroxidation were tested in an excitotoxic model produced by unilateral intrastriatal injection of quinolinic acid (QUIN), and in striatal slices incubated in the presence of the same toxin. CA (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneal...
Published in Journal of Drug and Alcohol Research
Background. Nicotine is one of the most frequently used drugs of abuse. It has long been speculated that in addition to nicotine , tobacco contains other compounds that reinforce addiction. Two promising candidates are the tobacco smoke constituents, harmane and norharmane. Purpose. Our study evaluated the effects of exposure to harmane and norharm...
Published in European journal of pharmacology
Opioids are the oldest and most potent drugs for the treatment of severe pain. Their clinical application is undisputed in acute pain (e.g. associated with trauma or surgery) but their long-term use in chronic pain has met increasing scrutiny. Therefore, this article will review sensory mechanisms related to opioid analgesia and side effects with a...
Published in Journal of Drug and Alcohol Research
Memories of learned associations between the rewarding properties of drugs and environmental cues contribute significantly to craving and relapse in humans. We have investigated how dopamine (DA) D1 and D3 receptors modulate the acquisition and extinction of cocaine-induced reward learning and associated changes in cellular signaling in reward circ...
Published in Journal of Case Reports in Medicine
Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is an uncommon complication of a disease seen primarily in the developing world. A 31-year-old previously healthy man presented with six months of nasal congestion, throat pain, hoarseness, and intermittent dysphagia and odynophagia. The leishmania culture was positive, and PCR testing was consistent with Leishmania brazi...
Published in Journal of Case Reports in Medicine
Schwannomas are benign, solitary, and well-differentiated tumors originating from Schwann cells. They may originate from any of the peripheral, cranial, or autonomic nerves of the body with the exception of the olfactory and the optic nerves. Schwannomas arising from the cervical sympathetic chain are very rare. Only < 65 cases have been reported i...
Published in Journal of Case Reports in Medicine
Esthesioneuroblastomas are rare, soft-tissue tumors that can often extend from the sinonasal cavity into the intracranial and orbital space. Prognosis depends upon the histological grade and location/extent of the tumor. Treatment often consists of maximum surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. We present a case of a patien...
Published in Journal of Case Reports in Medicine
Peritonsillar abscesses are the most common deep infections of the head and neck in young adults, despite the widespread use of antibiotics for treating tonsillitis and pharyngitis. Peritonsillar abscesses can be treated effectively with swift medical and sometimes surgical intervention. There are many complications of peritonsillar abscesses, some...
